Copyright

The name of ESPAD as well as the ESPAD questionnaires are copyrighted, which should not prevent researchers from using questions in the ESPAD questionnaire or using ideas from the ESPAD methodology. However, if a researcher wants to use a large part of a questionnaire he/she should ask the coordinators for permission. It is under no circumstances allowed for a researcher to call him/herself an ESPAD researcher if the person is not appointed by ESPAD. It is also forbidden to use the name of ESPAD in relation to a survey, for example by calling a survey an “ESPAD related survey” or something similar. When the ESPAD questionnaire or the ESPAD Project plan is used to any important extent a researcher should always contact the coordinators for further discussions.